| The invisibles
Until Leeuwenhoek (1632-1723, Holland) produced lenses of 150 magnification and saw the first bacteria, humanity knew nothing of a rich and complex world presents from the first forms of life, the cause of overwhelming diseases as well as often beneficial.
This is the world of micro-organisms; the world of viruses, bacteria, rickets and microscopic fungi; the world of the invisibles.
The cause of all evils
The history of men is the history of his diseases and the way to treat them. It was at the end of the 19th century when Pasteur convinced the whole scientific community that many diseases were caused by bacteria. They were also responsible for the process of putrefaction in materials. A new universe of knowledge open up to science. We see the appearance of some bacteria :
Lord Lister and English surgeon understood the extraordinary value of Pasteur’s discoveries and applied his theory on germs to surgical techniques. It was the birth of antisepsis by submerging all instruments in carbonic acid. The mortality of surgical operations was notably reduced.
Trasnmission of pathogenic microorganisms
The number of pathogenic bacteria is a small group of 3.000 classes of bacteria know known. Thanks to James Hillier invention of the electronic microscope in 1937, we could discover and study deeply viruses, rickets and fungi responsible for the transmission of many diseases but how do pathogenic micro-organisms transmit themselves to human beings?
Direct infection
Transmission is direct by contact with another infected person through mucus from the nose, mouth or eyes. The simple fact of coughing, sneezing or speaking is dangerous for the immunological system of the other person.

Indirect infection
When the pathogenic organism affects toys, school material, handkerchiefs, clothes, water, food, toilets, urban furniture, vectors or the air, the danger of infection is equally present.
Zoonosis
Zoonosis occurs when the disease is from an animal and passes to and infects an human being. There are various forms of this type of infection according to the WHO :

Disinfecting solutions
The lack of hygiene is almost always the key answer for the massive proliferation of pathogenic micro-organisms. The destruction of these in contaminated zone is known as disinfection or asepsis.
Absenteeism from work can be avoided by rigorous hygienic control and ATHISA MEDIO AMBIENTE carries out a daily exhaustive control greatly increasing the quality of life as proved by the data :
Spray disinfectants
Spraying disinfectants are spread in micro-drops of between 50 nm and 100 nm without needing to increase the temperature before hand. The spray is applied in showers, washbasins, etc. 0.65 litres of disinfectant are used per cubic metre treated.
Thermo • spray disinfectants
The drop of disinfectants are dispersed in a fine mist with a size of between 5 nm and 15 nm as the density is less than air, the disinfectant slowly penetrates from top to bottom of any surface. One litre of disinfectant is used per cubic metre.
A clean job > Arthropods
Pulverisation
The size of the drop is between 100 nm and 400 nm. It is mixed with a deodorant and it is a technique applied to walls, ceilings, floors and buckets.0.75 litre is used per square metre.
A clean job > Arthropods
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The Canadian James Hillier built the first electronic microscope in 1937. This substituted light by electrons and the lenses by magnetic fields. It could magnify the images up to 1500 times. It continued improving it until it reached a magnification of some 2 millions. |
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Types of micro-organisms that we treat
ENTEROBACTERIAS
• Escherichia coli
• Kluyvera species
• Shigella sonnei
• Edwardsielle tarda
• Citrobacter amalonaticus
• Citrobacter diversus
• Citrobacter freunidii
• Salmonella arizonae
• Salmonella cholerae
• Salmonella species
• Salmonella typhi
• Klebsiella pneumoniae
• Klebsiella oxytoca
• Klebsiella ozaenae
• Klebsiella rhinosclreomatis
• Enterobacter aerogenes
• Enterobacter cloacae
• Enterobacter agglomerans
• Hafnia alvei
• Serratia marcescens
• Serratia liaquefaciens
• Serratia rubidaea
• Proteus mirabilis
• Proteus vulgaris
• Morgarella morganii
• Providencia alcalifacens
• Yersinia enterocolitica
• Yersinia pseudotuberculosis
• Yersinia species
• Cedecea species
• Cryptococcus neoformans
• Cryptococcus skinneri
• Cryptococcus terreus
• Cryptococcus uniguttulatus
• Geotrichum capitatum
• Geotrichum species
• Hansenula anomala
• Rhodotorula graminis
• Rhodotorula minuta
• Rhodotorula pilimanae
• Rhodotorula rubra
• Saccharomyces cervisiae
• Trichosporon beigelii
• Trichosporon pullulans

NON ENTEROBACTERIA
• Acinetobaster calcoaceticus
• Pseudomonas aeruginosa
• Pseudomonas cepacia
• Pseudomonas maltophilia
• Pseudomonas fluorescens
• Flavobacterium meningosepticum
• Aeromonas hydrophila
• Plesiomonas shigelloide
• Pasteurella multocida
FUNGIS
• Candida albican
• Candida famata
• Candida glabratae
• Candida guiliermondii
• Candida humicola
• Candida krusei
• Candida lambica
• Candida lipolytica
• Candida lusitaniae
• Candida parapsilosis
• Candida pseudotropicalis
• Candida rugosa
• Candida stelltoidea
• Candida tropicalis
• Candida utilis |
The scope of an infection
We have to differentiate infections according to their true scope. Thus we speak of endemic when the focus of infection is always in a specific place. We speak of epidemic for infection in large population; we speak of pandemic when the infectious disease spreads every where at a specific time.. |