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   Plague control / ATHISA MEDIO AMBIENTE


The invisibles
Until Leeuwenhoek (1632-1723, Holland) produced lenses of 150 magnification and saw the first bacteria, humanity knew nothing of a rich and complex world presents from the first forms of life, the cause of overwhelming diseases as well as often beneficial.  

This is the world of micro-organisms; the world of viruses, bacteria, rickets and microscopic fungi; the world of the invisibles.


The cause of all evils
The history of men is the history of his diseases and the way to treat them. It was at the end of the 19th century when Pasteur convinced the whole scientific community that many diseases were caused by bacteria. They were also responsible for the process of putrefaction in materials. A new universe of knowledge open up to science. We see the appearance of some bacteria :

Lord Lister and English surgeon understood the extraordinary value of Pasteur’s discoveries and applied his theory on germs to surgical techniques. It was the birth of antisepsis by submerging all instruments in carbonic acid. The mortality of surgical operations was notably reduced.

Trasnmission of pathogenic microorganisms
The number of pathogenic bacteria is a small group of 3.000 classes of bacteria know known. Thanks to James Hillier invention of the electronic microscope in 1937, we could discover and study deeply viruses, rickets and fungi responsible for the transmission of many diseases but how do pathogenic micro-organisms transmit themselves to human beings?

Direct infection

Transmission is direct by contact with another infected person through mucus from the nose, mouth or eyes. The simple fact of coughing, sneezing or speaking is dangerous for the immunological system of the other person.

Indirect infection

When the pathogenic organism affects toys, school material, handkerchiefs, clothes, water, food, toilets, urban furniture, vectors or the air, the danger of infection is equally present.

Zoonosis
Zoonosis occurs when the disease is from an animal and passes to and infects an human being. There are various forms of this type of infection according to the WHO :

Disinfecting solutions

The lack of hygiene is almost always the key answer for the massive proliferation of pathogenic micro-organisms. The destruction of these in contaminated zone is known as disinfection or asepsis.

Absenteeism from work can be avoided by rigorous hygienic control and ATHISA MEDIO AMBIENTE
carries out a daily exhaustive control greatly increasing the quality of life as proved by the data :

Spray disinfectants
Spraying disinfectants are spread in micro-drops of between 50 nm and 100 nm without needing to increase the temperature before hand. The spray is applied in showers, washbasins, etc. 0.65 litres of disinfectant are used per cubic metre treated.
Thermo • spray disinfectants
The drop of disinfectants are dispersed in a fine mist with a size of between 5 nm and 15 nm as the density is less than air, the disinfectant slowly penetrates from top to bottom of any surface. One litre of disinfectant is used per cubic metre.

A clean job > Arthropods

Pulverisation
The size of the drop is between 100 nm and 400 nm. It is mixed with a deodorant and it is a technique applied to walls, ceilings, floors and buckets.0.75 litre is used per square metre.

A clean job > Arthropods

 

The Canadian James Hillier built the first electronic microscope in 1937. This substituted light by electrons and the lenses by magnetic fields. It could magnify the images up to 1500 times. It continued improving it until it reached a magnification of some 2 millions.

Types of micro-organisms that we treat

ENTEROBACTERIAS
Escherichia coli
Kluyvera species
Shigella sonnei
Edwardsielle tarda
Citrobacter amalonaticus
Citrobacter diversus
Citrobacter freunidii
Salmonella arizonae
Salmonella cholerae
Salmonella species
Salmonella typhi
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Klebsiella oxytoca
Klebsiella ozaenae
Klebsiella rhinosclreomatis
Enterobacter aerogenes
Enterobacter cloacae
Enterobacter agglomerans
Hafnia alvei
Serratia marcescens
Serratia liaquefaciens
Serratia rubidaea
Proteus mirabilis
Proteus vulgaris
Morgarella morganii
Providencia alcalifacens
Yersinia enterocolitica
Yersinia pseudotuberculosis
Yersinia species
Cedecea species
Cryptococcus neoformans
Cryptococcus skinneri
Cryptococcus terreus
Cryptococcus uniguttulatus
Geotrichum capitatum
Geotrichum species
Hansenula anomala
Rhodotorula graminis
Rhodotorula minuta
Rhodotorula pilimanae
Rhodotorula rubra
Saccharomyces cervisiae
Trichosporon beigelii
Trichosporon pullulans


NON ENTEROBACTERIA
Acinetobaster calcoaceticus
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Pseudomonas cepacia
Pseudomonas maltophilia
Pseudomonas fluorescens
Flavobacterium   meningosepticum
Aeromonas hydrophila
Plesiomonas shigelloide
Pasteurella multocida


FUNGIS
Candida albican
Candida famata
Candida glabratae
Candida guiliermondii
Candida humicola
Candida krusei
Candida lambica
Candida lipolytica
Candida lusitaniae
Candida parapsilosis
Candida pseudotropicalis
Candida rugosa
Candida stelltoidea
Candida tropicalis
Candida utilis


The scope of an infection
We have to differentiate infections according to their true scope. Thus we speak of endemic when the focus of infection is always in a specific place. We speak of epidemic for infection in large population; we speak of pandemic when the infectious disease spreads every where at a specific time..

 

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